The Bank for International Settlements' Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI), the BIS Innovation Hub, the IMF and the World Bank published 'Options for access to and interoperability of CBDCs for cross-border payments', which looks at the different options for access to CBDCs and their interoperability that could improve cross-border payments, including how they can interconnect with non-CBDC payment arrangements.
The report assesses these options based on five criteria: do no harm, enhancing efficiency, increasing resilience, assuring co-existence and interoperability with non-CBDC systems, and enhancing financial inclusion.
It concludes that there is no 'one size fits all' model for access to and interoperability of CBDCs and therefore the report should be regarded as a tool for central banks to assess how to best leverage CBDCs to enhance cross-border payments in the context of their own objectives.